Andrew Waugh is a British architect whose first completed project, with the exception of a few modest residential renovations, just happens to be the tallest contemporary all-wood residential building in the world. At eight storeys, the Murray Grove building is already twice the height permitted by Canada’s National Building Code, yet is soon to be dwarfed by the 15 storey tower Waugh’s firm now has out to tender.
The secret is in the cross laminated panel construction – to all intents and purposes giant loadbearing plywood sheets available in thicknesses of 5 to 20 inches, and in sizes up to 10ft. by 40. For Murray Grove the panels were factory fabricated by KLH in Austria, transported by truck, and installed by Austrian crews.
Erection of the shell - including exterior and interior walls, floor panels and even the elevator shafts – took just three days per floor or 24 days for the entire building. The building was finished with exterior insulation and a composite rain screen cladding on the outside, drywall for the interior walls and ceilings, and radiant piping in a cement screed for the floors. Had the developer not insisted on a traditional appearance inside, architectural grade panels could have been used and simply clear finished.
Murray Grove also meets London’s stringent energy performance targets, without any renewable energy technology, simply on the basis of the carbon already sequestered in the building fabric. The panels are bonded with non-toxic glue, and KLH uses its off-cuts to power its fabrication plant, and provide carbon neutral heating for the surrounding village.
On his lecture tour of Canada, Waugh has planted the seeds of change in the minds of leading edge design practitioners, and perhaps more importantly in those of some forest industry executives. British Columbia’s new building code, that permits six storey residential construction in wood, will almost certainly be the catalyst that brings this technology to Canada. European commentators refer to solid wood construction as ‘the concrete of the 21st Century’ – and time may well prove them right.
Jim Taggart, MRAIC
Editor